Spinal injuries

great anxiety and reluctance for a conscious patient to voluntarily move their head or spine

muscular stiffness/rigidity alongside the spinal column (self-splinting)

pain in the midline of the neck or back

TIC (tenderness, instability, crepitus) along the spine

loss of movement in any extremity

numbness, tingling or burning sensation in any extremity

sudden onset of breathing difficulty following the incident

a mechanism of injury with a high probability for spinal injury